Weiter gearbeitet an allem möglichen

EzTreeState: addWindWeights() setzt VertexBuffer.Color (R = Wind-Gewicht)
nach der Mesh-Erzeugung. Blätter bekommen 1.0 (volle Animation), Äste
werden per Y-Position normiert. Tree.vert liest windW aus inColor.r —
ohne diesen Buffer blieb windW=0 und kein Schwingen sichtbar.

PalmMeshBuilder/PalmGeneratorState: stemLeft immer true (Stiel entlang U),
leafTextureAspect immer h/w. Behebt die 90°-Drehung von palm.png.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>

blight-editor/src/main/java/de/blight/editor/EditorApp.java

@@ -1262,6 +1262,11 @@ public class EditorApp extends Application {
         camOrbitBtn.setOnAction(e -> input.camMode = SharedInput.CAM_ORBIT);
         camFreeBtn.setOnAction(e -> input.camMode = SharedInput.CAM_FREEFLY);
 
+        Button camResetBtn = new Button("⌂ Reset");
+        camResetBtn.setStyle("-fx-font-weight:bold;");
+        camResetBtn.setTooltip(new javafx.scene.control.Tooltip("Kamera auf x=0, z=0, y=Terrain+10m zurücksetzen"));
+        camResetBtn.setOnAction(e -> input.resetCameraRequested.set(true));
+
         Label hint = new Label("WASD/QE: Kamera  |  Mitte-Drag / L+R-Drag: Drehen  |  L-Klick: hoch  |  R-Klick: tief");
         hint.setStyle("-fx-text-fill: #555;");
 
@@ -1274,7 +1279,7 @@ public class EditorApp extends Application {
                 new Separator(Orientation.VERTICAL), soundAreaBtn, areaBtn, locationZoneBtn,
                 new Separator(Orientation.VERTICAL), playToolBtn,
                 new Separator(Orientation.VERTICAL), voxelBtn,
-                new Separator(Orientation.VERTICAL), camOrbitBtn, camFreeBtn,
+                new Separator(Orientation.VERTICAL), camOrbitBtn, camFreeBtn, camResetBtn,
                 new Separator(Orientation.VERTICAL), hint);
 
         worldToolBar = toolBar;
@@ -4882,30 +4887,12 @@ public class EditorApp extends Application {
         }
     }
 
-    /**
+    /** Löscht Thumbnail, das zu einer .j3o-Datei gehört. */
-     * Löscht Thumbnail und Impostor-Textur, die zu einer .j3o-Datei gehören.
-     * Impostor-Dateien werden anhand des Zeitstempel-Suffixes (_YYYYMMDD_HHMMSS) ermittelt.
-     */
     private void deleteJ3oSideFiles(Path j3oPath) {
-        // Thumbnail
         try {
             Files.deleteIfExists(
                 de.blight.editor.state.ThumbnailRenderer.sidecarPath(j3oPath, ASSET_ROOT));
         } catch (IOException ignored) {}
-
-        // Impostor: Zeitstempel aus Dateiname extrahieren und passende Datei suchen
-        String base = j3oPath.getFileName().toString().replace(".j3o", "");
-        java.util.regex.Matcher m = java.util.regex.Pattern
-                .compile(".*(\\d{8}_\\d{6})$").matcher(base);
-        if (!m.matches()) return;
-        String ts = m.group(1);
-        Path impostorDir = ASSET_ROOT.resolve(
-                de.blight.editor.state.ThumbnailRenderer.IMPOSTOR_DIR);
-        if (!Files.isDirectory(impostorDir)) return;
-        try (var stream = Files.list(impostorDir)) {
-            stream.filter(f -> f.getFileName().toString().endsWith("_" + ts + ".png"))
-                  .forEach(f -> { try { Files.deleteIfExists(f); } catch (IOException ignored) {} });
-        } catch (IOException ignored) {}
     }
 
     /**
@@ -4925,8 +4912,7 @@ public class EditorApp extends Application {
             topDirs = s.filter(Files::isDirectory)
                 .filter(p -> {
                     String n = p.getFileName().toString();
-                    return !n.equals(de.blight.editor.state.ThumbnailRenderer.THUMB_DIR)
+                    return !n.equals(de.blight.editor.state.ThumbnailRenderer.THUMB_DIR);
-                        && !n.equals(de.blight.editor.state.ThumbnailRenderer.IMPOSTOR_DIR);
                 })
                 .sorted(Comparator.comparing(p -> p.getFileName().toString().toLowerCase()))
                 .collect(java.util.stream.Collectors.toList());
@@ -5094,12 +5080,18 @@ public class EditorApp extends Application {
         catch (IOException ignored) {}
     }
 
-    /** Konvertiert eine beliebige Audiodatei mit ffmpeg zu OGG Vorbis.
+    /**
-     *  Gibt den Pfad zur erzeugten .ogg-Datei zurück. */
+     * Konvertiert / normalisiert eine Audiodatei zu OGG Vorbis bei 48000 Hz.
+     * Das Ziel-Format stimmt mit PipeWire/PulseAudio überein, sodass OpenALSofts
+     * Spatial-Mixer kein On-the-fly-Resampling durchführen muss (kein Knistern).
+     */
     private static Path convertToOgg(Path src, Path destOgg) throws IOException {
         try {
             Process proc = new ProcessBuilder(
-                    "ffmpeg", "-i", src.toString(), "-q:a", "4", destOgg.toString(), "-y")
+                    "ffmpeg", "-i", src.toString(),
+                    "-ar", "48000",
+                    "-q:a", "4",
+                    destOgg.toString(), "-y")
                     .redirectErrorStream(true)
                     .start();
             proc.getInputStream().transferTo(java.io.OutputStream.nullOutputStream());
@@ -5158,12 +5150,8 @@ public class EditorApp extends Application {
                 if (isAudio) {
                     String baseName = file.getName().replaceFirst("\\.[^.]+$", "");
                     Path destOgg = destDir.resolve(baseName + ".ogg");
-                    if (name.endsWith(".ogg")) {
+                    setStatus("Normalisiere " + file.getName() + " → 48 kHz OGG …");
-                        Files.copy(file.toPath(), destOgg, StandardCopyOption.REPLACE_EXISTING);
+                    convertToOgg(file.toPath(), destOgg);
-                    } else {
-                        setStatus("Konvertiere " + file.getName() + " → OGG …");
-                        convertToOgg(file.toPath(), destOgg);
-                    }
                     String finalName = baseName + ".ogg";
                     TreeItem<String> newItem = new TreeItem<>(finalName);
                     itemPaths.put(newItem, destOgg);
@@ -5716,12 +5704,8 @@ public class EditorApp extends Application {
                 String name     = file.getName().toLowerCase();
                 String baseName = file.getName().replaceFirst("\\.[^.]+$", "");
                 Path dest = destDir.resolve(baseName + ".ogg");
-                if (name.endsWith(".ogg")) {
+                setStatus("Normalisiere " + file.getName() + " → 48 kHz OGG …");
-                    Files.copy(file.toPath(), dest, StandardCopyOption.REPLACE_EXISTING);
+                convertToOgg(file.toPath(), dest);
-                } else {
-                    setStatus("Konvertiere " + file.getName() + " → OGG …");
-                    convertToOgg(file.toPath(), dest);
-                }
                 TreeItem<String> item = new TreeItem<>(dest.getFileName().toString());
                 itemPaths.put(item, dest);
                 audioNode.getChildren().add(item);

blight-editor/src/main/java/de/blight/editor/SharedInput.java

@@ -49,6 +49,10 @@ public class SharedInput {
     public static final int CAM_ORBIT   = 0;
     public static final int CAM_FREEFLY = 1;
 
+    /** Gesetzt von JavaFX; konsumiert von TerrainEditorState: Kamera auf x=0,z=0,y=terrain+10 zurücksetzen. */
+    public final java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean resetCameraRequested =
+            new java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean(false);
+
     // ── Kamerabewegung (WASD + QE) ──────────────────────────────────────────
     public volatile boolean forward, backward, left, right, up, down;
 

blight-editor/src/main/java/de/blight/editor/state/EzTreeState.java

@@ -36,10 +36,9 @@ import de.blight.eztree.TreeOptions;
 import org.slf4j.Logger;
 import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
 
-import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
-import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
 import java.io.File;
 import java.io.IOException;
+import java.nio.FloatBuffer;
 import java.io.InputStream;
 import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
 import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
@@ -122,10 +121,12 @@ public class EzTreeState extends BaseAppState {
 
         Node hdNode = tryNodeJsGeneration(req);
         if (hdNode == null) hdNode = javaFallback(req);
+        addWindWeights(hdNode);
         hdNode.setLocalScale(1f / 3f);
         hdNode.updateGeometricState();
 
         Node ld1Node = buildLod1Node(req);
+        addWindWeights(ld1Node);
         ld1Node.setLocalScale(1f / 3f);
 
         BoundingBox bb = boundsOf(hdNode);
@@ -596,32 +597,10 @@ public class EzTreeState extends BaseAppState {
     }
 
     private Texture2D saveImpostor(ByteBuffer pixels, String name, int width, int height) {
-        try {
+        pixels.rewind();
-            pixels.rewind();
+        Image jmeImg = new Image(Image.Format.RGBA8, width, height, pixels, null,
-            BufferedImage img = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);
+                com.jme3.texture.image.ColorSpace.sRGB);
-            for (int y = 0; y < height; y++) {
+        return new Texture2D(jmeImg);
-                for (int x = 0; x < width; x++) {
-                    int r = pixels.get() & 0xFF, g = pixels.get() & 0xFF,
-                        b = pixels.get() & 0xFF, a = pixels.get() & 0xFF;
-                    img.setRGB(x, height - 1 - y, (a<<24)|(r<<16)|(g<<8)|b);
-                }
-            }
-            Path texDir = ASSET_ROOT.resolve(ThumbnailRenderer.IMPOSTOR_DIR);
-            Files.createDirectories(texDir);
-            File pngFile = texDir.resolve(name + ".png").toFile();
-            ImageIO.write(img, "PNG", pngFile);
-            try {
-                return (Texture2D) assets.loadTexture(ThumbnailRenderer.IMPOSTOR_DIR + "/" + name + ".png");
-            } catch (Exception ignored) {
-                pixels.rewind();
-                Image jmeImg = new Image(Image.Format.RGBA8, width, height, pixels, null,
-                        com.jme3.texture.image.ColorSpace.sRGB);
-                return new Texture2D(jmeImg);
-            }
-        } catch (IOException e) {
-            log.error("[EzTree] Impostor-Fehler: {}", e.getMessage());
-            return null;
-        }
     }
 
     private ByteBuffer combineAtlas(ByteBuffer[] passes) {
@@ -705,6 +684,51 @@ public class EzTreeState extends BaseAppState {
         return g;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Setzt Vertex-Farben (R = Wind-Gewicht) für alle Geometrien eines Baum-Knotens.
+     * Blätter bekommen Gewicht 1.0 (volle Animation); Äste werden per Y-Position
+     * normiert (0 = Boden, 1 = Spitze), sodass höhere Äste stärker schwingen.
+     * Tree.vert liest den Wind-Weight aus inColor.r — ohne diesen Buffer bleibt windW=0.
+     */
+    private static void addWindWeights(Node treeNode) {
+        for (Spatial child : treeNode.getChildren()) {
+            if (!(child instanceof Geometry g)) continue;
+            Mesh        mesh = g.getMesh();
+            FloatBuffer pos  = mesh.getFloatBuffer(VertexBuffer.Type.Position);
+            if (pos == null) continue;
+            pos.rewind();
+            int vCount = pos.limit() / 3;
+            float[] colors  = new float[vCount * 4];
+            boolean isLeaf  = g.getName().contains("leav") || g.getName().contains("leaf");
+
+            if (isLeaf) {
+                for (int i = 0; i < vCount; i++) {
+                    colors[i * 4]     = 1f;
+                    colors[i * 4 + 3] = 1f;
+                }
+            } else {
+                float minY = Float.MAX_VALUE, maxY = -Float.MAX_VALUE;
+                for (int i = 0; i < vCount; i++) {
+                    pos.get();
+                    float y = pos.get();
+                    pos.get();
+                    if (y < minY) minY = y;
+                    if (y > maxY) maxY = y;
+                }
+                float range = maxY - minY;
+                pos.rewind();
+                for (int i = 0; i < vCount; i++) {
+                    pos.get();
+                    float y = pos.get();
+                    pos.get();
+                    colors[i * 4]     = range > 0f ? (y - minY) / range : 0f;
+                    colors[i * 4 + 3] = 1f;
+                }
+            }
+            mesh.setBuffer(VertexBuffer.Type.Color, 4, BufferUtils.createFloatBuffer(colors));
+        }
+    }
+
     private void exportTree(Node lodRoot, String fileName, String subPath) {
         try {
             Path baseDir = ASSET_ROOT.resolve("Models").resolve("trees").resolve(subPath);

blight-editor/src/main/java/de/blight/editor/state/PalmGeneratorState.java

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 package de.blight.editor.state;
 
-import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
 import java.io.File;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
@@ -9,8 +8,6 @@ import java.nio.file.Path;
 import java.time.LocalDateTime;
 import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
 
-import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
-
 import com.jme3.app.Application;
 import com.jme3.app.SimpleApplication;
 import com.jme3.app.state.BaseAppState;
@@ -116,8 +113,7 @@ public class PalmGeneratorState extends BaseAppState {
                 Texture t = assets.loadTexture(opts.leafTexture);
                 int w = t.getImage().getWidth();
                 int h = t.getImage().getHeight();
-                boolean stemLeft = opts.leafTexture.contains("palm2");
+                opts.leafTextureAspect = (float) h / w; // Stiel entlang U → Aspekt = Höhe/Breite
-                opts.leafTextureAspect = stemLeft ? (float) h / w : (float) w / h;
             } catch (Exception ignored) {}
         }
 
@@ -353,36 +349,10 @@ public class PalmGeneratorState extends BaseAppState {
     }
 
     private Texture2D saveImpostor(ByteBuffer pixels, String name, int width, int height) {
-        try {
+        pixels.rewind();
-            pixels.rewind();
+        Image jmeImg = new Image(Image.Format.RGBA8, width, height,
-            BufferedImage img = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);
+                pixels, null, com.jme3.texture.image.ColorSpace.sRGB);
-            for (int y = 0; y < height; y++) {
+        return new Texture2D(jmeImg);
-                for (int x = 0; x < width; x++) {
-                    int r = pixels.get() & 0xFF;
-                    int g = pixels.get() & 0xFF;
-                    int b = pixels.get() & 0xFF;
-                    int a = pixels.get() & 0xFF;
-                    img.setRGB(x, height - 1 - y, (a<<24)|(r<<16)|(g<<8)|b);
-                }
-            }
-            Path texDir = ASSET_ROOT.resolve(ThumbnailRenderer.IMPOSTOR_DIR);
-            Files.createDirectories(texDir);
-            File pngFile = texDir.resolve(name + ".png").toFile();
-            ImageIO.write(img, "PNG", pngFile);
-            log.info("[Palme] Impostor: {}", pngFile.getAbsolutePath());
-
-            try {
-                return (Texture2D) assets.loadTexture(ThumbnailRenderer.IMPOSTOR_DIR + "/" + name + ".png");
-            } catch (Exception loadEx) {
-                pixels.rewind();
-                Image jmeImg = new Image(Image.Format.RGBA8, width, height,
-                        pixels, null, com.jme3.texture.image.ColorSpace.sRGB);
-                return new Texture2D(jmeImg);
-            }
-        } catch (IOException e) {
-            log.error("[Palme] Impostor-Fehler: {}", e.getMessage());
-            return null;
-        }
     }
 
     // ── Export ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

blight-editor/src/main/java/de/blight/editor/state/TerrainEditorState.java

@@ -1607,12 +1607,24 @@ public class TerrainEditorState extends BaseAppState {
         if (scroll != 0)
             camPos.addLocal(cam.getDirection().mult(scroll * FastMath.clamp(terrainDist, 5f, CAM_SPEED) * 0.02f));
 
+        // Kamera-Reset auf x=0,z=0,y=terrain+10
+        if (input.resetCameraRequested.getAndSet(false)) {
+            float h = getTerrainHeightFast(0f, 0f);
+            camPos.set(0f, h + 10f, 0f);
+            camYaw   = 0f;
+            camPitch = DEFAULT_PITCH;
+        }
+
         // NaN-Sanitierung (z.B. durch terrain.getHeight()-Anomalie propagiert)
         if (!Float.isFinite(camPos.x) || !Float.isFinite(camPos.y) || !Float.isFinite(camPos.z)) {
             camPos.set(0f, DEFAULT_CAM_Y, 0f);
         }
         camPos.y = FastMath.clamp(camPos.y, -200f, MAX_CAM_Y);
 
+        // Kamera nicht unter das Terrain fallen lassen
+        float terrainFloor = getTerrainHeightFast(camPos.x, camPos.z) + 2f;
+        if (camPos.y < terrainFloor) camPos.y = terrainFloor;
+
         cam.setLocation(camPos);
     }
 

blight-editor/src/main/java/de/blight/editor/state/TreeGeneratorState.java

@@ -1,17 +1,13 @@
 package de.blight.editor.state;
 
-import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
 import java.io.File;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
 import java.nio.file.Files;
 import java.nio.file.Path;
-import java.nio.file.Paths;
 import java.time.LocalDateTime;
 import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
 
-import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
-
 import com.jme3.app.Application;
 import com.jme3.app.SimpleApplication;
 import com.jme3.app.state.BaseAppState;
@@ -580,39 +576,13 @@ public class TreeGeneratorState extends BaseAppState {
         return copy;
     }
 
-    // ── Impostor-PNG speichern ────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    // ── Impostor-Textur in-memory erzeugen ────────────────────────────────────
 
     private Texture2D saveImpostor(ByteBuffer pixels, String name, int width, int height) {
-        try {
+        pixels.rewind();
-            pixels.rewind();
+        Image jmeImg = new Image(Image.Format.RGBA8, width, height,
-            BufferedImage img = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);
+                pixels, null, com.jme3.texture.image.ColorSpace.sRGB);
-            for (int y = 0; y < height; y++) {
+        return new Texture2D(jmeImg);
-                for (int x = 0; x < width; x++) {
-                    int r = pixels.get() & 0xFF;
-                    int g = pixels.get() & 0xFF;
-                    int b = pixels.get() & 0xFF;
-                    int a = pixels.get() & 0xFF;
-                    img.setRGB(x, height - 1 - y, (a<<24)|(r<<16)|(g<<8)|b);
-                }
-            }
-            Path texDir = ASSET_ROOT.resolve(ThumbnailRenderer.IMPOSTOR_DIR);
-            Files.createDirectories(texDir);
-            File pngFile = texDir.resolve(name + ".png").toFile();
-            ImageIO.write(img, "PNG", pngFile);
-            log.info("[Blight-Baum] Impostor: {}", pngFile.getAbsolutePath());
-
-            try {
-                return (Texture2D) assets.loadTexture(ThumbnailRenderer.IMPOSTOR_DIR + "/" + name + ".png");
-            } catch (Exception loadEx) {
-                pixels.rewind();
-                Image jmeImg = new Image(Image.Format.RGBA8, width, height,
-                        pixels, null, com.jme3.texture.image.ColorSpace.sRGB);
-                return new Texture2D(jmeImg);
-            }
-        } catch (IOException e) {
-            log.error("[Blight-Baum] Impostor-Fehler: {}", e.getMessage());
-            return null;
-        }
     }
 
     // ── .j3o-Export ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

blight-editor/src/main/java/de/blight/editor/tree/PalmMeshBuilder.java

@@ -236,7 +236,7 @@ public class PalmMeshBuilder {
         float halfW = opts.leafTextureAspect > 0f
                 ? scaledLength * opts.leafTextureAspect * 0.5f
                 : opts.frondWidth * sizeScale * 0.5f;
-        boolean stemLeft = opts.leafTexture != null && opts.leafTexture.contains("palm2");
+        boolean stemLeft = true; // Stiel entlang U-Achse für alle Palmen-Texturen
         float g = opts.gravity;
 
         int base = acc.vertexCount;

blight-game/src/main/java/de/blight/game/audio/SurfaceType.java

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 package de.blight.game.audio;
 
 public enum SurfaceType {
-    GRASS, DIRT, SAND, ROCK, GRAVEL, LEAVES, PAVEMENT, WOOD, UNKNOWN;
+    GRASS, DIRT, SAND, ROCK, GRAVEL, LEAVES, PAVEMENT, WOOD, WATER, UNKNOWN;
 
     public static SurfaceType fromTexturePath(String path) {
         if (path == null || path.isEmpty()) return UNKNOWN;

blight-game/src/main/java/de/blight/game/control/PlayerInputControl.java

@@ -64,9 +64,15 @@ public class PlayerInputControl {
     private static final String BONE_RIGHT_FOOT = "mixamorig:RightFoot";
     // Y-Schwelle im Model-Space: Fuß gilt als am Boden wenn Y < FOOT_GROUND_Y
     private static final float  FOOT_GROUND_Y   = 0.05f;
+    /** Wassertiefe (m) ab der Laufen/Sprinten gesperrt ist und Watgeräusch spielt. */
+    public static final float   WATER_WADING_DEPTH = 0.5f;
 
     private de.blight.game.audio.FootstepSystem footstepSystem;
     private java.util.function.BiFunction<Float, Float, float[]> surfaceQuery;
+    private java.util.function.BiFunction<Float, Float, Float>   waterDepthQuery;
+    private com.jme3.audio.AudioNode wadingNode;
+    /** Aktuell berechnete Wassertiefe – einmal pro Update() gesetzt, in pollFootsteps() gelesen. */
+    private float currentWaterDepth = 0f;
     private float lastLeftFootY  = Float.MAX_VALUE;
     private float lastRightFootY = Float.MAX_VALUE;
 
@@ -191,6 +197,7 @@ public class PlayerInputControl {
             forward = backward = left = right = sprint = walk = false;
             autopilotDir = null;
             if (physicsChar != null) physicsChar.setWalkDirection(Vector3f.ZERO);
+            stopWading();
         }
     }
 
@@ -356,6 +363,18 @@ public class PlayerInputControl {
         }
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Sperrt alle Tastatureingaben, lässt aber die aktuelle Laufrichtung des
+     * Physik-Charakters bestehen (Charakter bewegt sich weiter). Wird für den
+     * Ertrink-Fade-out verwendet.
+     */
+    public void blockInputsKeepMoving() {
+        inputsBlocked = true;
+        forward = backward = left = right = sprint = walk = false;
+        autopilotDir = null;
+        stopWading();
+    }
+
     /** Hebt die Input-Blockade auf und gibt Bewegungseingaben wieder frei. */
     public void unblockInputs() {
         inputsBlocked = false;
@@ -554,11 +573,16 @@ public class PlayerInputControl {
 
         boolean moving = moveDir.lengthSquared() > 0.001f;
 
+        // Wassertiefe bestimmen – einmal pro Frame, auch in pollFootsteps() genutzt
+        Vector3f charPos = physicsChar.getPhysicsLocation();
+        currentWaterDepth = (waterDepthQuery != null) ? waterDepthQuery.apply(charPos.x, charPos.z) : 0f;
+        boolean inDeepWater = currentWaterDepth > WATER_WADING_DEPTH;
+
         if (moving) {
             moveDir.normalizeLocal();
-            float speed = walk   ? MOVE_SPEED * WALK_MULT
+            float speed = (inDeepWater || walk) ? MOVE_SPEED * WALK_MULT
-                        : sprint ? MOVE_SPEED * SPRINT_MULT
+                        : sprint                ? MOVE_SPEED * SPRINT_MULT
-                        :          MOVE_SPEED;
+                        :                         MOVE_SPEED;
             physicsChar.setWalkDirection(moveDir.mult(speed));
 
             if (visual != null) {
@@ -580,9 +604,9 @@ public class PlayerInputControl {
         if (jumpFrames > 0 || (!physicsChar.onGround() && groundGraceFrames <= 0)) {
             target = moving ? AnimationAction.RUNNING_JUMP : AnimationAction.JUMP;
         } else if (moving) {
-            target = walk   ? AnimationAction.WALK
+            target = (inDeepWater || walk) ? AnimationAction.WALK
-                   : sprint ? AnimationAction.SPRINT
+                   : sprint                ? AnimationAction.SPRINT
-                   :          AnimationAction.RUN;
+                   :                         AnimationAction.RUN;
         } else {
             target = AnimationAction.IDLE;
         }
@@ -618,6 +642,14 @@ public class PlayerInputControl {
         this.surfaceQuery   = query;
     }
 
+    public void setWaterDepthQuery(java.util.function.BiFunction<Float, Float, Float> query) {
+        this.waterDepthQuery = query;
+    }
+
+    public void setWadingSound(com.jme3.audio.AudioNode node) {
+        this.wadingNode = node;
+    }
+
     private void logJointNames(com.jme3.anim.Armature arm) {
         if (arm == null) return;
         StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder("[Footstep] Joint-Namen (").append(arm.getJointCount()).append("):");
@@ -628,22 +660,34 @@ public class PlayerInputControl {
     }
 
     private void pollFootsteps() {
-        if (armature == null || footstepSystem == null || surfaceQuery == null) return;
         if (!physicsChar.onGround() || blockingAnimActive || lockedInPlace) {
+            stopWading();
             lastLeftFootY  = Float.MAX_VALUE;
             lastRightFootY = Float.MAX_VALUE;
             return;
         }
         float speed = physicsChar.getWalkDirection().length();
         if (speed < 0.001f) {
+            stopWading();
             lastLeftFootY  = Float.MAX_VALUE;
             lastRightFootY = Float.MAX_VALUE;
             return;
         }
-        String gait = currentAnimToGait(currentAnim);
+
-        if (gait == null) {
+        if (currentWaterDepth > WATER_WADING_DEPTH) {
+            // Im Wasser: Watgeräusch abspielen, Fußgeräusche unterdrücken
+            startWading();
+            lastLeftFootY  = Float.MAX_VALUE;
+            lastRightFootY = Float.MAX_VALUE;
             return;
         }
+
+        stopWading();
+
+        if (armature == null || footstepSystem == null || surfaceQuery == null) return;
+        String gait = currentAnimToGait(currentAnim);
+        if (gait == null) return;
+
         com.jme3.anim.Joint lf = armature.getJoint(BONE_LEFT_FOOT);
         com.jme3.anim.Joint rf = armature.getJoint(BONE_RIGHT_FOOT);
         if (lf != null) {
@@ -662,6 +706,20 @@ public class PlayerInputControl {
         }
     }
 
+    private void startWading() {
+        if (wadingNode == null) return;
+        if (wadingNode.getStatus() != com.jme3.audio.AudioSource.Status.Playing) {
+            wadingNode.play();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void stopWading() {
+        if (wadingNode == null) return;
+        if (wadingNode.getStatus() == com.jme3.audio.AudioSource.Status.Playing) {
+            wadingNode.stop();
+        }
+    }
+
     private String currentAnimToGait(AnimationAction anim) {
         if (anim == AnimationAction.WALK)   return "walking";
         if (anim == AnimationAction.RUN)    return "running";

blight-game/src/main/java/de/blight/game/scene/WorldScene.java

@@ -92,6 +92,7 @@ public class WorldScene extends BaseAppState {
     private de.blight.game.state.OceanSoundState      oceanSound;
     private de.blight.game.state.AmbientSoundSystem   ambientSounds;
     private de.blight.game.audio.FootstepSystem        footstepSystem;
+    private de.blight.game.state.DrownState            drownState;
 
     public WorldScene(KeyBindings keyBindings) {
         this.keyBindings = keyBindings;
@@ -107,6 +108,11 @@ public class WorldScene extends BaseAppState {
      */
     public float[] querySurfaceWeights(float worldX, float worldZ) {
         float[] result = new float[de.blight.game.audio.SurfaceType.values().length];
+        // Wasser hat Vorrang vor Splatmap: Terrainoberfläche unter Wasserstand → WATER
+        if (terrainChunkState != null && terrainChunkState.getHeightAt(worldX, worldZ) < 0f) {
+            result[de.blight.game.audio.SurfaceType.WATER.ordinal()] = 1.0f;
+            return result;
+        }
         if (loadedMapData == null) return result;
 
         int size = de.blight.common.MapData.SPLAT_SIZE;
@@ -169,6 +175,12 @@ public class WorldScene extends BaseAppState {
         return result;
     }
 
+    /** Liefert die Wassertiefe an (worldX, worldZ) in Metern; 0 wenn an Land. */
+    public float queryWaterDepth(float worldX, float worldZ) {
+        if (terrainChunkState == null) return 0f;
+        return Math.max(0f, -terrainChunkState.getHeightAt(worldX, worldZ));
+    }
+
     /** Wird von ConfigScreen nach dem Speichern aufgerufen. */
     public void reloadBindings(KeyBindings kb) {
         if (playerInput != null) playerInput.reloadBindings(kb);
@@ -254,6 +266,20 @@ public class WorldScene extends BaseAppState {
         footstepSystem = new de.blight.game.audio.FootstepSystem(assetManager, rootNode, audioSettings,
                 AnimationLibrary.findAssetRoot());
         playerInput.setFootstepSystem(footstepSystem, this::querySurfaceWeights);
+        playerInput.setWaterDepthQuery(this::queryWaterDepth);
+        try {
+            com.jme3.audio.AudioNode wadingNode = new com.jme3.audio.AudioNode(
+                    assetManager, "audio/footsteps/water/wading.ogg", com.jme3.audio.AudioData.DataType.Buffer);
+            wadingNode.setLooping(true);
+            wadingNode.setPositional(false);
+            de.blight.game.state.AudioSettingsState _as =
+                    app.getStateManager().getState(de.blight.game.state.AudioSettingsState.class);
+            wadingNode.setVolume(_as != null ? _as.effectiveEffects() : 0.7f);
+            rootNode.attachChild(wadingNode);
+            playerInput.setWadingSound(wadingNode);
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            log.warn("[WorldScene] wading.ogg nicht ladbar – Watgeräusch deaktiviert: {}", e.getMessage());
+        }
 
         // Navigation: PathFinder + Terrain bereitstellen (Navigator wird in setAnimationContext erstellt)
         try {
@@ -286,8 +312,14 @@ public class WorldScene extends BaseAppState {
             inventoryState = new InventoryState(mc, keyBindings);
             inventoryState.setEnabled(false);
             app.getStateManager().attach(inventoryState);
+            app.getStateManager().attach(new de.blight.game.state.HudState(mc));
         }
 
+        // Ertrinken-System (Wassertiefe > 1,8 m → Teleport zum Strand)
+        MainCharacter drownMc = findMainCharacter();
+        drownState = new de.blight.game.state.DrownState(terrainChunkState, physicsChar, playerInput, drownMc);
+        app.getStateManager().attach(drownState);
+
         // Maus einfangen – keine Klick-Pflicht für Kamerasteuerung
         app.getInputManager().setCursorVisible(false);
     }
@@ -421,10 +453,16 @@ public class WorldScene extends BaseAppState {
 
         playerInput.setInitialFacing(spawnYaw);
 
+        String reviveClip = de.blight.game.animation.AnimationLibrary.getClipForAction(
+                AnimationLibrary.findAssetRoot(), setName, de.blight.game.animation.AnimationAction.REVIVE);
+        float reviveLength = playerInput.getReviveClipLength();
+
+        // REVIVE-Info immer an DrownState weitergeben (für Ertrinken-Sequenz)
+        if (drownState != null) {
+            drownState.setReviveInfo(reviveClip, reviveLength);
+        }
+
         if ("true".equals(System.getProperty("blight.new.game"))) {
-            String reviveClip = de.blight.game.animation.AnimationLibrary.getClipForAction(
-                    AnimationLibrary.findAssetRoot(), setName, de.blight.game.animation.AnimationAction.REVIVE);
-            float reviveLength = playerInput.getReviveClipLength();
             app.getStateManager().attach(
                     new de.blight.game.state.NewGameIntroState(playerInput, reviveClip, reviveLength));
         }

blight-game/src/main/java/de/blight/game/state/DrownState.java

@@ -0,0 +1,281 @@
+package de.blight.game.state;
+
+import com.jme3.app.Application;
+import com.jme3.app.SimpleApplication;
+import com.jme3.app.state.BaseAppState;
+import com.jme3.bullet.control.CharacterControl;
+import com.jme3.material.Material;
+import com.jme3.material.RenderState;
+import com.jme3.math.ColorRGBA;
+import com.jme3.math.Vector3f;
+import com.jme3.renderer.queue.RenderQueue;
+import com.jme3.scene.Geometry;
+import com.jme3.scene.shape.Quad;
+import de.blight.common.model.MainCharacter;
+import de.blight.game.control.PlayerInputControl;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+/**
+ * Ertrink-Sequenz:
+ *   1. MONITORING  – Tiefe überwachen
+ *   2. FADING_OUT  – Tiefe > 1,5 m: Eingabe weg, Charakter läuft weiter,
+ *                    Bild + Ton in 3 s ausblenden
+ *   3. BLACK       – 2 s Schwarzbild, dann Teleport + HP/Mana/Stamina=1
+ *   4. WAIT_PHYSICS – 1,5 s warten damit Terrain-Physik lädt
+ *   5. FADING_IN   – 3 s Einblenden (REVIVE eingefroren)
+ *   6. REVIVE_PLAYING – REVIVE-Animation läuft durch
+ *   → zurück zu MONITORING
+ */
+public class DrownState extends BaseAppState {
+
+    private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(DrownState.class);
+
+    /** Tiefe (m) die den Ertrink-Vorgang auslöst. */
+    private static final float TRIGGER_DEPTH    = 1.5f;
+
+    private static final float FADE_OUT_DUR     = 3.0f;
+    private static final float BLACK_DUR        = 2.0f;
+    private static final float WAIT_PHYSICS_DUR = 1.5f;
+    private static final float FADE_IN_DUR      = 3.0f;
+
+    // Strand-Suche
+    private static final float MAX_BEACH_H   = 5f;
+    private static final float MAX_SLOPE_DEG = 10f;
+    private static final float SCAN_STEP_R   = 3f;
+    private static final float SCAN_MAX_R    = 300f;
+    private static final int   SCAN_DIRS     = 16;
+
+    private final TerrainChunkState  terrain;
+    private final CharacterControl   physicsChar;
+    private final PlayerInputControl playerInput;
+    private final MainCharacter      mainCharacter;
+
+    private SimpleApplication app;
+    private Geometry           overlay;
+    private Material           overlayMat;
+
+    /** Gesetzt von WorldScene nach setupAnimationContext(). */
+    private String reviveClip   = null;
+    private float  reviveLength = 0f;
+
+    private enum Phase { MONITORING, FADING_OUT, BLACK, WAIT_PHYSICS, FADING_IN, REVIVE_PLAYING }
+    private Phase   phase   = Phase.MONITORING;
+    private float   timer   = 0f;
+
+    public DrownState(TerrainChunkState terrain, CharacterControl physicsChar,
+                      PlayerInputControl playerInput, MainCharacter mainCharacter) {
+        this.terrain       = terrain;
+        this.physicsChar   = physicsChar;
+        this.playerInput   = playerInput;
+        this.mainCharacter = mainCharacter;
+    }
+
+    public void setReviveInfo(String clip, float length) {
+        this.reviveClip   = clip;
+        this.reviveLength = length;
+        log.info("[DrownState] REVIVE-Info: clip='{}' {}s", clip, length);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected void initialize(Application application) {
+        app = (SimpleApplication) application;
+        float w = app.getCamera().getWidth();
+        float h = app.getCamera().getHeight();
+        overlay    = new Geometry("drown_overlay", new Quad(w, h));
+        overlayMat = new Material(app.getAssetManager(), "Common/MatDefs/Misc/Unshaded.j3md");
+        overlayMat.setColor("Color", new ColorRGBA(0f, 0f, 0f, 0f));
+        overlayMat.getAdditionalRenderState().setBlendMode(RenderState.BlendMode.Alpha);
+        overlay.setMaterial(overlayMat);
+        overlay.setQueueBucket(RenderQueue.Bucket.Gui);
+        overlay.setLocalTranslation(0f, 0f, 50f);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected void cleanup(Application application) {
+        detachOverlay();
+        restoreVolume();
+    }
+
+    @Override protected void onEnable()  {}
+    @Override protected void onDisable() {}
+
+    @Override
+    public void update(float tpf) {
+        switch (phase) {
+            case MONITORING     -> updateMonitoring();
+            case FADING_OUT     -> updateFadingOut(tpf);
+            case BLACK          -> updateBlack(tpf);
+            case WAIT_PHYSICS   -> updateWaitPhysics(tpf);
+            case FADING_IN      -> updateFadingIn(tpf);
+            case REVIVE_PLAYING -> updateRevivePlaying(tpf);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // ── MONITORING ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    private void updateMonitoring() {
+        if (physicsChar == null) return;
+        Vector3f pos = physicsChar.getPhysicsLocation();
+        float depth = Math.max(0f, -terrain.getHeightAt(pos.x, pos.z));
+        if (depth >= TRIGGER_DEPTH) {
+            log.info("[DrownState] Tiefe {}m – Ertrink-Sequenz gestartet", depth);
+            playerInput.blockInputsKeepMoving();
+            attachOverlay();
+            setAlpha(0f);
+            setListenerScale(1f);
+            timer = FADE_OUT_DUR;
+            phase = Phase.FADING_OUT;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // ── FADING_OUT (3 s) ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    private void updateFadingOut(float tpf) {
+        timer -= tpf;
+        float alpha = Math.max(0f, 1f - timer / FADE_OUT_DUR);
+        setAlpha(alpha);
+        setListenerScale(1f - alpha);
+        if (timer <= 0f) {
+            setAlpha(1f);
+            setListenerScale(0f);
+            timer = BLACK_DUR;
+            phase = Phase.BLACK;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // ── BLACK (2 s) ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    private void updateBlack(float tpf) {
+        timer -= tpf;
+        if (timer <= 0f) {
+            executeDrown();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void executeDrown() {
+        // Vollständig blockieren (stoppt auch Laufrichtung)
+        playerInput.blockForIntro();
+
+        if (mainCharacter != null) {
+            mainCharacter.setCurrentHp(1);
+            mainCharacter.setCurrentMana(1);
+            mainCharacter.setCurrentStamina(1);
+        }
+
+        Vector3f pos = physicsChar.getPhysicsLocation();
+        Vector3f beach = findNearestBeach(pos.x, pos.z);
+        physicsChar.setPhysicsLocation(beach);
+        playerInput.setGroundGrace(60);
+        log.info("[DrownState] Teleportiert zu {}", beach);
+
+        timer = WAIT_PHYSICS_DUR;
+        phase = Phase.WAIT_PHYSICS;
+    }
+
+    // ── WAIT_PHYSICS (1,5 s) ──────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    private void updateWaitPhysics(float tpf) {
+        timer -= tpf;
+        if (timer <= 0f) {
+            if (reviveClip != null) {
+                playerInput.startFrozenRevive(reviveClip);
+            }
+            timer = FADE_IN_DUR;
+            phase = Phase.FADING_IN;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // ── FADING_IN (3 s) ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    private void updateFadingIn(float tpf) {
+        timer -= tpf;
+        float alpha = Math.max(0f, timer / FADE_IN_DUR);
+        setAlpha(alpha);
+        setListenerScale(1f - alpha);
+        if (timer <= 0f) {
+            detachOverlay();
+            restoreVolume();
+            if (reviveClip != null) {
+                playerInput.unfreezeRevive();
+                timer = reviveLength;
+                phase = Phase.REVIVE_PLAYING;
+            } else {
+                playerInput.unblockInputs();
+                phase = Phase.MONITORING;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // ── REVIVE_PLAYING ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    private void updateRevivePlaying(float tpf) {
+        timer -= tpf;
+        if (timer <= 0f) {
+            playerInput.unblockInputs();
+            phase = Phase.MONITORING;
+            log.info("[DrownState] Sequenz abgeschlossen – Spieler freigegeben");
+        }
+    }
+
+    // ── Hilfsmethoden ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    private void attachOverlay() {
+        if (overlay.getParent() == null) app.getGuiNode().attachChild(overlay);
+    }
+
+    private void detachOverlay() {
+        if (overlay != null && overlay.getParent() != null) app.getGuiNode().detachChild(overlay);
+    }
+
+    private void setAlpha(float alpha) {
+        overlayMat.setColor("Color", new ColorRGBA(0f, 0f, 0f, alpha));
+    }
+
+    private void setListenerScale(float scale) {
+        AudioSettingsState as = app.getStateManager().getState(AudioSettingsState.class);
+        float master = (as != null) ? as.getMaster() : 1f;
+        app.getListener().setVolume(master * Math.max(0f, Math.min(1f, scale)));
+    }
+
+    private void restoreVolume() {
+        AudioSettingsState as = app.getStateManager().getState(AudioSettingsState.class);
+        float master = (as != null) ? as.getMaster() : 1f;
+        app.getListener().setVolume(master);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Sucht radial vom Ausgangspunkt aus den nächsten flachen Landpunkt.
+     * Nahe Punkte liegen im selben Terrain-Chunk → Physik ist bereits geladen.
+     */
+    private Vector3f findNearestBeach(float startX, float startZ) {
+        float maxSlope  = (float) Math.tan(Math.toRadians(MAX_SLOPE_DEG));
+        float slopeStep = 4f;
+        double angleStep = 2 * Math.PI / SCAN_DIRS;
+
+        for (float r = SCAN_STEP_R; r <= SCAN_MAX_R; r += SCAN_STEP_R) {
+            for (int d = 0; d < SCAN_DIRS; d++) {
+                float x = startX + r * (float) Math.cos(d * angleStep);
+                float z = startZ + r * (float) Math.sin(d * angleStep);
+
+                float h = terrain.getHeightAt(x, z);
+                if (h < 0.2f || h > MAX_BEACH_H) continue;
+
+                float hxp = terrain.getHeightAt(x + slopeStep, z);
+                float hxn = terrain.getHeightAt(x - slopeStep, z);
+                float hzp = terrain.getHeightAt(x, z + slopeStep);
+                float hzn = terrain.getHeightAt(x, z - slopeStep);
+                float dhdx = (hxp - hxn) / (2f * slopeStep);
+                float dhdz = (hzp - hzn) / (2f * slopeStep);
+                float slope = (float) Math.sqrt(dhdx * dhdx + dhdz * dhdz);
+                if (slope > maxSlope) continue;
+
+                log.info("[DrownState] Strandpunkt: ({}, {}), h={}, r={}m", x, z, h, r);
+                return new Vector3f(x, h + 1.0f, z);
+            }
+        }
+
+        log.warn("[DrownState] Kein Strandpunkt gefunden – Fallback");
+        return new Vector3f(startX, Math.max(terrain.getHeightAt(startX, startZ), 0f) + 3f, startZ);
+    }
+}

blight-game/src/main/java/de/blight/game/state/HudState.java

@@ -0,0 +1,286 @@
+package de.blight.game.state;
+
+import com.jme3.app.Application;
+import com.jme3.app.SimpleApplication;
+import com.jme3.app.state.BaseAppState;
+import com.jme3.material.Material;
+import com.jme3.material.RenderState;
+import com.jme3.math.ColorRGBA;
+import com.jme3.renderer.queue.RenderQueue;
+import com.jme3.scene.Geometry;
+import com.jme3.scene.Mesh;
+import com.jme3.scene.Node;
+import com.jme3.scene.Spatial;
+import com.jme3.scene.VertexBuffer;
+import com.jme3.texture.Texture;
+import com.jme3.ui.Picture;
+import com.jme3.util.BufferUtils;
+import de.blight.common.model.MainCharacter;
+import de.blight.game.animation.AnimationLibrary;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
+import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.nio.FloatBuffer;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+
+/**
+ * HUD-Balken (unten rechts): Health (rot), Stamina (gelb), Mana (blau).
+ * PNG-basiert – Dateien in Textures/hud/ können durch eigene Grafiken ersetzt werden.
+ */
+public class HudState extends BaseAppState {
+
+    private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HudState.class);
+
+    // Dimensionen des Fülbereichs (ohne Rahmen)
+    private static final float BAR_W  = 200f;
+    private static final float BAR_H  = 18f;
+    private static final float BORDER = 2f;
+    private static final float MARGIN = 12f;
+    private static final float GAP    = 5f;
+
+    private static final float SLOT_W = BAR_W + BORDER * 2;
+    private static final float SLOT_H = BAR_H + BORDER * 2;
+
+    private static final String[] FILL_ASSETS = {
+        "Textures/hud/bar_fill_health.png",
+        "Textures/hud/bar_fill_stamina.png",
+        "Textures/hud/bar_fill_mana.png",
+    };
+
+    private static final ColorRGBA[] FILL_COLORS = {
+        new ColorRGBA(0.85f, 0.10f, 0.10f, 1f),
+        new ColorRGBA(0.90f, 0.80f, 0.10f, 1f),
+        new ColorRGBA(0.10f, 0.30f, 0.90f, 1f),
+    };
+
+    private final MainCharacter mc;
+
+    private SimpleApplication app;
+    private Node               hudNode;
+    private final Geometry[]   fills = new Geometry[3];
+    private final float[]      lastRatios = { -1f, -1f, -1f };
+
+    public HudState(MainCharacter mc) {
+        this.mc = mc;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected void initialize(Application application) {
+        app = (SimpleApplication) application;
+        ensureAssets();
+        hudNode = new Node("hud_bars");
+        buildBars();
+        app.getGuiNode().attachChild(hudNode);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected void cleanup(Application application) {
+        if (hudNode.getParent() != null) {
+            app.getGuiNode().detachChild(hudNode);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected void onEnable() {
+        hudNode.setCullHint(Spatial.CullHint.Inherit);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected void onDisable() {
+        hudNode.setCullHint(Spatial.CullHint.Always);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void update(float tpf) {
+        if (mc == null) return;
+        int maxHp = mc.getMaxHp();
+        int maxSt = mc.getMaxStamina();
+        int maxMn = mc.getMaxMana();
+        applyRatio(0, maxHp > 0 ? (float) mc.getCurrentHp()      / maxHp : 0f);
+        applyRatio(1, maxSt > 0 ? (float) mc.getCurrentStamina() / maxSt : 0f);
+        applyRatio(2, maxMn > 0 ? (float) mc.getCurrentMana()    / maxMn : 0f);
+    }
+
+    // ── Aufbau ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    private void buildBars() {
+        float screenW = app.getCamera().getWidth();
+
+        // Stapelung von unten: idx=2 (mana) ganz unten, idx=0 (health) ganz oben
+        for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
+            int stackPos = 2 - i; // health → stack 2 (höchste Y), mana → stack 0
+            float x = screenW - MARGIN - SLOT_W;
+            float y = MARGIN + stackPos * (SLOT_H + GAP);
+            buildBar(i, x, y);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void buildBar(int idx, float x, float y) {
+        // Rahmen (Frame) – transparent innen, Rand sichtbar
+        Picture frame = loadPicture("Textures/hud/bar_frame.png", SLOT_W, SLOT_H,
+                new ColorRGBA(0.65f, 0.65f, 0.65f, 1f));
+        frame.setLocalTranslation(x, y, 1f);
+        hudNode.attachChild(frame);
+
+        // Hintergrund (schwarz)
+        Picture bg = loadPicture("Textures/hud/bar_bg.png", BAR_W, BAR_H, ColorRGBA.Black);
+        bg.setLocalTranslation(x + BORDER, y + BORDER, 2f);
+        hudNode.attachChild(bg);
+
+        // Füllbalken (UV-geclippt, kein Strecken des Textur-Gradienten)
+        Geometry fill = buildFillGeometry(idx, x + BORDER, y + BORDER, 3f);
+        fills[idx] = fill;
+        hudNode.attachChild(fill);
+    }
+
+    private Geometry buildFillGeometry(int idx, float x, float y, float z) {
+        Mesh mesh = new Mesh();
+        fillMesh(mesh, BAR_W, 1f); // initial: voll
+
+        Material mat;
+        try {
+            Texture tex = app.getAssetManager().loadTexture(FILL_ASSETS[idx]);
+            tex.setWrap(Texture.WrapMode.EdgeClamp);
+            mat = new Material(app.getAssetManager(), "Common/MatDefs/Misc/Unshaded.j3md");
+            mat.setTexture("ColorMap", tex);
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            mat = new Material(app.getAssetManager(), "Common/MatDefs/Misc/Unshaded.j3md");
+            mat.setColor("Color", FILL_COLORS[idx]);
+        }
+        mat.getAdditionalRenderState().setBlendMode(RenderState.BlendMode.Alpha);
+
+        Geometry g = new Geometry("hud_fill_" + idx, mesh);
+        g.setMaterial(mat);
+        g.setQueueBucket(RenderQueue.Bucket.Gui);
+        g.setLocalTranslation(x, y, z);
+        return g;
+    }
+
+    /** Setzt Breite und UV-Clipping des Fill-Meshes auf den gegebenen Ratio (0–1). */
+    private void applyRatio(int idx, float ratio) {
+        ratio = Math.max(0f, Math.min(1f, ratio));
+        if (Math.abs(ratio - lastRatios[idx]) < 0.001f) return;
+        lastRatios[idx] = ratio;
+
+        Geometry g = fills[idx];
+        float w = BAR_W * ratio;
+
+        Mesh mesh = g.getMesh();
+        FloatBuffer pos = (FloatBuffer) mesh.getBuffer(VertexBuffer.Type.Position).getData();
+        pos.put(3, w); // Vertex 1: x
+        pos.put(6, w); // Vertex 2: x
+        mesh.getBuffer(VertexBuffer.Type.Position).setUpdateNeeded();
+
+        // UV-Clipping: nur ratio-Anteil der Textur sichtbar (kein Strecken)
+        FloatBuffer uv = (FloatBuffer) mesh.getBuffer(VertexBuffer.Type.TexCoord).getData();
+        uv.put(2, ratio); // UV 1: u
+        uv.put(4, ratio); // UV 2: u
+        mesh.getBuffer(VertexBuffer.Type.TexCoord).setUpdateNeeded();
+
+        mesh.updateBound();
+    }
+
+    /** Erstellt ein Quad-Mesh mit UV-Koordinaten die bei maxU enden (für Clipping). */
+    private static void fillMesh(Mesh mesh, float w, float maxU) {
+        float h = BAR_H;
+        mesh.setBuffer(VertexBuffer.Type.Position, 3,
+            BufferUtils.createFloatBuffer(
+                0, 0, 0,
+                w, 0, 0,
+                w, h, 0,
+                0, h, 0
+            ));
+        mesh.setBuffer(VertexBuffer.Type.TexCoord, 2,
+            BufferUtils.createFloatBuffer(
+                0f,    0f,
+                maxU,  0f,
+                maxU,  1f,
+                0f,    1f
+            ));
+        mesh.setBuffer(VertexBuffer.Type.Index, 3,
+            BufferUtils.createShortBuffer((short)0,(short)1,(short)2,(short)0,(short)2,(short)3));
+        mesh.setMode(Mesh.Mode.Triangles);
+        mesh.updateBound();
+    }
+
+    // ── PNG-Loader ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    private Picture loadPicture(String assetPath, float w, float h, ColorRGBA fallback) {
+        Picture p = new Picture("hud_" + assetPath);
+        try {
+            p.setImage(app.getAssetManager(), assetPath, true);
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            Material mat = new Material(app.getAssetManager(), "Common/MatDefs/Misc/Unshaded.j3md");
+            mat.setColor("Color", fallback);
+            mat.getAdditionalRenderState().setBlendMode(RenderState.BlendMode.Alpha);
+            p.setMaterial(mat);
+        }
+        p.setWidth(w);
+        p.setHeight(h);
+        p.setQueueBucket(RenderQueue.Bucket.Gui);
+        return p;
+    }
+
+    // ── Placeholder-PNGs erzeugen ─────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    private void ensureAssets() {
+        Path root = AnimationLibrary.findAssetRoot();
+        Path dir  = root.resolve("Textures").resolve("hud");
+        try {
+            Files.createDirectories(dir);
+        } catch (IOException e) {
+            log.warn("[HUD] Verzeichnis nicht erstellbar: {}", dir);
+            return;
+        }
+
+        // Rahmen: grauer Rand, transparente Mitte
+        ensureFrame(dir.resolve("bar_frame.png"), (int) SLOT_W, (int) SLOT_H, (int) BORDER,
+                180, 180, 180);
+        // Hintergrund: schwarz
+        ensureSolid(dir.resolve("bar_bg.png"),           4, 4,   0,   0,   0, 255);
+        // Füllfarben (kleine Kacheln, werden skaliert/geclippt)
+        ensureSolid(dir.resolve("bar_fill_health.png"),  4, 4, 217,  25,  25, 255);
+        ensureSolid(dir.resolve("bar_fill_stamina.png"), 4, 4, 229, 204,  25, 255);
+        ensureSolid(dir.resolve("bar_fill_mana.png"),    4, 4,  25,  76, 229, 255);
+    }
+
+    private static void ensureSolid(Path path, int w, int h,
+                                    int r, int g, int b, int a) {
+        if (Files.exists(path)) return;
+        try {
+            BufferedImage img = new BufferedImage(w, h, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);
+            int argb = (a << 24) | (r << 16) | (g << 8) | b;
+            for (int py = 0; py < h; py++) {
+                for (int px = 0; px < w; px++) {
+                    img.setRGB(px, py, argb);
+                }
+            }
+            ImageIO.write(img, "PNG", path.toFile());
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            log.warn("[HUD] PNG nicht erstellbar: {}", path);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void ensureFrame(Path path, int w, int h, int border,
+                                    int r, int g, int b) {
+        if (Files.exists(path)) return;
+        try {
+            BufferedImage img = new BufferedImage(w, h, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);
+            int borderArgb = (255 << 24) | (r << 16) | (g << 8) | b;
+            for (int py = 0; py < h; py++) {
+                for (int px = 0; px < w; px++) {
+                    boolean isBorder = px < border || py < border
+                            || px >= w - border || py >= h - border;
+                    img.setRGB(px, py, isBorder ? borderArgb : 0);
+                }
+            }
+            ImageIO.write(img, "PNG", path.toFile());
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            log.warn("[HUD] Frame-PNG nicht erstellbar: {}", path);
+        }
+    }
+}

blight-game/src/main/java/de/blight/game/state/OceanSoundState.java

@@ -10,24 +10,29 @@ import org.slf4j.Logger;
 import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
 
 /**
- * Spielt Wellensounds positional ab. Die AudioNodes werden EINMALIG nach dem
+ * Spielt Wellensounds mit korrektem L/R-Panning ab.
- * ersten gültigen Scan positioniert (vermeidet den initialen Sprung von (0,0,0)
+ *
- * zur Ozean-Kante, der OpenAL-Knistern verursacht). Danach wird die Position
+ * Strategie: Je Sound zwei Quellen (L + R), die immer genau PAN_DIST Meter
- * nur noch alle SCAN_INTERVAL Sekunden aktualisiert, wenn sich der Ozean
+ * links/rechts der Kamera positioniert sind (±90° Azimuth).
- * signifikant verschoben hat.
+ * Das Lautstärkeverhältnis (constant-power Panning) bestimmt die wahrgenommene
+ * Richtung. So entsteht kein HRTF-0°-Problem: Wasser direkt vorne → beide
+ * Lautsprecher gleich laut (Phantommitte); Wasser links → links lauter.
  */
 public class OceanSoundState extends BaseAppState {
 
     private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(OceanSoundState.class);
 
-    private static final float MAX_DIST        = 60f;
+    private static final float MAX_DIST       = 60f;
-    private static final float REF_DIST        = 8f;
+    private static final float REF_DIST       = 8f;
-    private static final float WIND_THRESHOLD  = 20f;
+    private static final float WIND_THRESHOLD = 20f;
-    private static final float FADE_RATE       = 1f / 3f;
+    private static final float FADE_RATE      = 1f / 3f;
-    private static final float SCAN_INTERVAL   = 0.25f;
+    private static final float SCAN_INTERVAL  = 0.25f;
-    private static final float SCAN_STEP       = 5f;
+    private static final float SCAN_STEP      = 5f;
-    /** Mindestverschiebung (m²) bevor die Node-Position aktualisiert wird. */
+    /**
-    private static final float POS_UPDATE_SQ   = 4f * 4f; // 4 Meter
+     * Abstand Source↔Listener. Muss < refDistance (10 m JME3-Default) sein,
+     * damit Clamped-Inverse-Formel Gain = 1.0 liefert.
+     */
+    private static final float PAN_DIST = 2f;
 
     private static final float[] DIR_X = { 0f,  0.707f, 1f,  0.707f,  0f, -0.707f, -1f, -0.707f };
     private static final float[] DIR_Z = { 1f,  0.707f, 0f, -0.707f, -1f, -0.707f,  0f,  0.707f };
@@ -35,22 +40,22 @@ public class OceanSoundState extends BaseAppState {
     private final TerrainChunkState terrain;
 
     private SimpleApplication app;
-    private AudioNode          nodeCalmSound;
+    // L/R-Paare: beide spielen dieselbe Datei, immer auf ±90° der Kamera
-    private AudioNode          nodeStormySound;
+    private AudioNode nodeCalmL,   nodeCalmR;
+    private AudioNode nodeStormyL, nodeStormyR;
 
-    private final Vector3f playerPos  = new Vector3f();
+    private final Vector3f playerPos = new Vector3f();
-    private final Vector3f targetPos  = new Vector3f();
+    private final Vector3f oceanPos  = new Vector3f();
-    private final Vector3f nodePos    = new Vector3f(); // zuletzt gesetzte Node-Position
 
-    /** true bis der erste gültige Scan die Nodes positioniert und abgespielt hat. */
+    private boolean firstScan    = true;
-    private boolean firstScan   = true;
+    private boolean playing      = false;
-    private boolean playing     = false;
+    private boolean oceanFound   = false;
 
-    private float   calmVol     = 0f;
+    private float   calmVol      = 0f;
-    private float   stormyVol   = 0f;
+    private float   stormyVol    = 0f;
-    private float   scanTimer   = 0f;
+    private float   scanTimer    = 0f;
     private boolean oceanInRange = false;
-    private float   oceanDist   = Float.MAX_VALUE;
+    private float   oceanDist    = Float.MAX_VALUE;
 
     public OceanSoundState(TerrainChunkState terrain) {
         this.terrain = terrain;
@@ -59,15 +64,18 @@ public class OceanSoundState extends BaseAppState {
     @Override
     protected void initialize(Application application) {
         app = (SimpleApplication) application;
-        nodeCalmSound   = loadLoop("audio/ambient/water/waves_calm.ogg",   "waves_calm");
+        nodeCalmL   = loadLoop("audio/ambient/water/waves_calm.ogg",   "waves_calm_L");
-        nodeStormySound = loadLoop("audio/ambient/water/waves_stormy.ogg", "waves_stormy");
+        nodeCalmR   = loadLoop("audio/ambient/water/waves_calm.ogg",   "waves_calm_R");
-        // Noch NICHT abspielen – erst wenn wir eine gültige Position haben (firstScan).
+        nodeStormyL = loadLoop("audio/ambient/water/waves_stormy.ogg", "waves_stormy_L");
+        nodeStormyR = loadLoop("audio/ambient/water/waves_stormy.ogg", "waves_stormy_R");
     }
 
     @Override
     protected void cleanup(Application application) {
-        stop(nodeCalmSound);
+        stop(nodeCalmL);
-        stop(nodeStormySound);
+        stop(nodeCalmR);
+        stop(nodeStormyL);
+        stop(nodeStormyR);
     }
 
     @Override protected void onEnable()  {}
@@ -79,16 +87,24 @@ public class OceanSoundState extends BaseAppState {
 
     @Override
     public void update(float tpf) {
-        if (nodeCalmSound == null && nodeStormySound == null) return;
+        if (nodeCalmL == null && nodeStormyL == null) {
+            return;
+        }
 
-        // Periodisch nächste Ozean-Position berechnen
         scanTimer -= tpf;
         if (scanTimer <= 0f) {
             scanTimer = SCAN_INTERVAL;
             scanOceanSource();
         }
 
-        // Lautstärke
+        boolean playerInWater = terrain.getHeightAt(playerPos.x, playerPos.z) < 0f;
+        if (playerInWater) {
+            applyVolumes(0f, 0f, 0.707f, 0.707f);
+            calmVol   = 0f;
+            stormyVol = 0f;
+            return;
+        }
+
         WeatherState weather = getApplication().getStateManager().getState(WeatherState.class);
         float wind = weather != null ? weather.getWindSpeed() : 4f;
 
@@ -99,17 +115,31 @@ public class OceanSoundState extends BaseAppState {
                 ? Math.max(0f, 1f - Math.max(0f, oceanDist - REF_DIST) / (MAX_DIST - REF_DIST))
                 : 0f;
 
-        float calmTarget   = (oceanInRange && wind < WIND_THRESHOLD) ? scale * distScale : 0f;
+        float calmTarget   = (oceanInRange && wind <  WIND_THRESHOLD) ? scale * distScale : 0f;
         float stormyTarget = (oceanInRange && wind >= WIND_THRESHOLD) ? scale * distScale : 0f;
 
         calmVol   = approach(calmVol,   calmTarget,   FADE_RATE * tpf);
         stormyVol = approach(stormyVol, stormyTarget, FADE_RATE * tpf);
 
-        if (nodeCalmSound   != null) nodeCalmSound.setVolume(calmVol);
+        float panL = 0.707f, panR = 0.707f; // default: center
-        if (nodeStormySound != null) nodeStormySound.setVolume(stormyVol);
+        if (playing && oceanFound) {
+            float panValue = computePan(); // -1 = links, 0 = Mitte, +1 = rechts
+            panL = (float) Math.sqrt((1f - panValue) / 2f);
+            panR = (float) Math.sqrt((1f + panValue) / 2f);
+            updateSourcePositions();
+        }
+
+        applyVolumes(calmVol, stormyVol, panL, panR);
     }
 
-    // ── Scan ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    private void applyVolumes(float calm, float stormy, float panL, float panR) {
+        if (nodeCalmL   != null) nodeCalmL.setVolume(calm   * panL);
+        if (nodeCalmR   != null) nodeCalmR.setVolume(calm   * panR);
+        if (nodeStormyL != null) nodeStormyL.setVolume(stormy * panL);
+        if (nodeStormyR != null) nodeStormyR.setVolume(stormy * panR);
+    }
+
+    // ── Scan ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
     private void scanOceanSource() {
         float px = playerPos.x;
@@ -118,7 +148,6 @@ public class OceanSoundState extends BaseAppState {
         if (terrain.getHeightAt(px, pz) < 0f) {
             oceanInRange = true;
             oceanDist    = 0f;
-            applyTarget(px, pz);
             return;
         }
 
@@ -151,53 +180,78 @@ public class OceanSoundState extends BaseAppState {
         }
     }
 
-    /**
-     * Zielposition setzen. Beim ersten Scan: Nodes positionieren und Wiedergabe starten.
-     * Danach: Node nur aktualisieren wenn Verschiebung > POS_UPDATE_SQ.
-     */
     private void applyTarget(float x, float z) {
-        targetPos.set(x, 0f, z);
+        oceanPos.set(x, playerPos.y, z);
+        oceanFound = true;
 
         if (firstScan) {
-            // Beim ersten gültigen Scan: Nodes korrekt platzieren, dann erst abspielen.
             firstScan = false;
-            nodePos.set(targetPos);
+            attachAndPlay(nodeCalmL);
-            if (nodeCalmSound != null) {
+            attachAndPlay(nodeCalmR);
-                app.getRootNode().attachChild(nodeCalmSound);
+            attachAndPlay(nodeStormyL);
-                nodeCalmSound.setLocalTranslation(nodePos);
+            attachAndPlay(nodeStormyR);
-                nodeCalmSound.play();
-            }
-            if (nodeStormySound != null) {
-                app.getRootNode().attachChild(nodeStormySound);
-                nodeStormySound.setLocalTranslation(nodePos);
-                nodeStormySound.play();
-            }
             playing = true;
-            return;
         }
-
-        if (!playing) return;
-
-        // Nur aktualisieren wenn sich die Zielposition signifikant geändert hat
-        float dxSq = (targetPos.x - nodePos.x);
-        float dzSq = (targetPos.z - nodePos.z);
-        if (dxSq * dxSq + dzSq * dzSq < POS_UPDATE_SQ) return;
-
-        nodePos.set(targetPos);
-        if (nodeCalmSound   != null) nodeCalmSound.setLocalTranslation(nodePos);
-        if (nodeStormySound != null) nodeStormySound.setLocalTranslation(nodePos);
     }
 
-    // ── Hilfsmethoden ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    private void attachAndPlay(AudioNode node) {
+        if (node == null) {
+            return;
+        }
+        app.getRootNode().attachChild(node);
+        node.play();
+    }
+
+    // ── Panning ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    /**
+     * Pan-Wert: -1 = Ozean voll links der Kamera, 0 = Mitte, +1 = voll rechts.
+     * Berechnet als Dot-Produkt der horizontalen Ozean-Richtung mit dem
+     * Kamera-Rechtsvektor — unabhängig davon, ob Kamera zum Wasser zeigt.
+     */
+    private float computePan() {
+        float dx = oceanPos.x - playerPos.x;
+        float dz = oceanPos.z - playerPos.z;
+        float len = (float) Math.sqrt(dx * dx + dz * dz);
+        if (len < 0.1f) {
+            return 0f;
+        }
+        dx /= len;
+        dz /= len;
+        Vector3f camLeft = app.getCamera().getLeft(); // camRight = -camLeft
+        float rightComp = -(dx * camLeft.x + dz * camLeft.z);
+        return Math.max(-1f, Math.min(1f, rightComp));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Hält L-Quelle PAN_DIST Meter links der Kamera, R-Quelle PAN_DIST Meter rechts.
+     * → Immer ±90° Azimuth zum Listener, nie 0°/180° → kein HRTF-Nullpunkt.
+     */
+    private void updateSourcePositions() {
+        Vector3f cam     = app.getCamera().getLocation();
+        Vector3f camLeft = app.getCamera().getLeft();
+
+        float lx = cam.x + camLeft.x * PAN_DIST;
+        float lz = cam.z + camLeft.z * PAN_DIST;
+        float rx = cam.x - camLeft.x * PAN_DIST;
+        float rz = cam.z - camLeft.z * PAN_DIST;
+        float  y = cam.y;
+
+        if (nodeCalmL   != null) nodeCalmL.setLocalTranslation(lx, y, lz);
+        if (nodeCalmR   != null) nodeCalmR.setLocalTranslation(rx, y, rz);
+        if (nodeStormyL != null) nodeStormyL.setLocalTranslation(lx, y, lz);
+        if (nodeStormyR != null) nodeStormyR.setLocalTranslation(rx, y, rz);
+    }
+
+    // ── Hilfsmethoden ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
     private AudioNode loadLoop(String path, String label) {
         try {
-            AudioNode n = new AudioNode(app.getAssetManager(), path, AudioData.DataType.Stream);
+            AudioNode n = new AudioNode(app.getAssetManager(), path, AudioData.DataType.Buffer);
             n.setLooping(true);
             n.setVolume(0f);
             n.setPositional(true);
-            n.setRefDistance(REF_DIST);
+            // refDistance = 10 m (JME3-Default), Dist = PAN_DIST = 2 m → Gain = 1.0
-            n.setMaxDistance(MAX_DIST);
             return n;
         } catch (Exception e) {
             log.warn("[OceanSound] {} nicht ladbar: {}", label, e.getMessage());
@@ -208,7 +262,9 @@ public class OceanSoundState extends BaseAppState {
     private void stop(AudioNode node) {
         if (node != null) {
             node.stop();
-            if (node.getParent() != null) app.getRootNode().detachChild(node);
+            if (node.getParent() != null) {
+                app.getRootNode().detachChild(node);
+            }
         }
     }
 

com/jme3/app/SimpleApplication.java

@@ -0,0 +1,420 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2009-2025 jMonkeyEngine
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+ * met:
+ *
+ * * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ *   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ *
+ * * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ *   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ *   documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ *
+ * * Neither the name of 'jMonkeyEngine' nor the names of its contributors
+ *   may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
+ *   without specific prior written permission.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+ * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
+ * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
+ * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
+ * CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
+ * EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
+ * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
+ * PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
+ * NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
+ * SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+package com.jme3.app;
+
+import com.jme3.app.state.AppState;
+import com.jme3.app.state.ConstantVerifierState;
+import com.jme3.audio.AudioListenerState;
+import com.jme3.font.BitmapFont;
+import com.jme3.font.BitmapText;
+import com.jme3.input.FlyByCamera;
+import com.jme3.input.KeyInput;
+import com.jme3.input.controls.ActionListener;
+import com.jme3.input.controls.KeyTrigger;
+import com.jme3.profile.AppStep;
+import com.jme3.renderer.RenderManager;
+import com.jme3.renderer.queue.RenderQueue.Bucket;
+import com.jme3.scene.Node;
+import com.jme3.scene.Spatial.CullHint;
+import com.jme3.scene.threadwarden.SceneGraphThreadWarden;
+import com.jme3.system.AppSettings;
+import com.jme3.system.JmeContext.Type;
+import com.jme3.system.JmeSystem;
+
+import java.util.logging.Level;
+import java.util.logging.Logger;
+
+/**
+ * `SimpleApplication` is the foundational base class for all jMonkeyEngine 3 (jME3) applications.
+ * It provides a streamlined setup for common game development tasks, including scene management,
+ * camera controls, and performance monitoring.
+ *
+ * <p>By default, `SimpleApplication` attaches several essential {@link com.jme3.app.state.AppState} instances:
+ * <ul>
+ * <li>{@link com.jme3.app.StatsAppState}: Displays real-time frames-per-second (FPS) and
+ * detailed performance statistics on-screen.</li>
+ * <li>{@link com.jme3.app.FlyCamAppState}: Provides a convenient first-person fly-by camera
+ * controller, allowing easy navigation within the scene.</li>
+ * <li>{@link com.jme3.audio.AudioListenerState}: Manages the audio listener, essential for 3D sound.</li>
+ * <li>{@link com.jme3.app.DebugKeysAppState}: Enables debug functionalities like displaying
+ * camera position and memory usage in the console.</li>
+ * <li>{@link com.jme3.app.state.ConstantVerifierState}: A utility state for verifying constant
+ * values, primarily for internal engine debugging.</li>
+ * </ul>
+ *
+ * <p><b>Default Key Bindings:</b></p>
+ * <ul>
+ * <li><b>Esc:</b> Closes and exits the application.</li>
+ * <li><b>F5:</b> Toggles the visibility of the statistics view (FPS and debug stats).</li>
+ * <li><b>C:</b> Prints the current camera position and rotation to the console.</li>
+ * <li><b>M:</b> Prints memory usage statistics to the console.</li>
+ * </ul>
+ *
+ * <p>Applications extending `SimpleApplication` should implement the
+ * {@link #simpleInitApp()} method to set up their initial scene and game logic.
+ */
+public abstract class SimpleApplication extends LegacyApplication {
+
+    protected static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(SimpleApplication.class.getName());
+
+    public static final String INPUT_MAPPING_EXIT = "SIMPLEAPP_Exit";
+    public static final String INPUT_MAPPING_CAMERA_POS = DebugKeysAppState.INPUT_MAPPING_CAMERA_POS;
+    public static final String INPUT_MAPPING_MEMORY = DebugKeysAppState.INPUT_MAPPING_MEMORY;
+    public static final String INPUT_MAPPING_HIDE_STATS = "SIMPLEAPP_HideStats";
+
+    protected Node rootNode = new Node("Root Node");
+    protected Node guiNode = new Node("Gui Node");
+    protected BitmapText fpsText;
+    protected BitmapFont guiFont;
+    protected FlyByCamera flyCam;
+    protected boolean showSettings = true;
+    private final AppActionListener actionListener = new AppActionListener();
+
+    private class AppActionListener implements ActionListener {
+
+        @Override
+        public void onAction(String name, boolean isPressed, float tpf) {
+            if (!isPressed) {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            if (name.equals(INPUT_MAPPING_EXIT)) {
+                stop();
+            } else if (name.equals(INPUT_MAPPING_HIDE_STATS)) {
+                StatsAppState statsState = stateManager.getState(StatsAppState.class);
+                if (statsState != null) {
+                    statsState.toggleStats();
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs a `SimpleApplication` with a predefined set of default
+     * {@link com.jme3.app.state.AppState} instances.
+     * These states provide common functionalities like statistics display,
+     * fly camera control, audio listener, debug keys, and constant verification.
+     */
+    public SimpleApplication() {
+        this(new StatsAppState(),
+                new FlyCamAppState(),
+                new AudioListenerState(),
+                new DebugKeysAppState(),
+                new ConstantVerifierState());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs a `SimpleApplication` with a custom array of initial
+     * {@link com.jme3.app.state.AppState} instances.
+     *
+     * @param initialStates An array of `AppState` instances to be attached
+     * to the `stateManager` upon initialization.
+     */
+    public SimpleApplication(AppState... initialStates) {
+        super(initialStates);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void start() {
+        // set some default settings in-case
+        // settings dialog is not shown
+        boolean loadSettings = false;
+        if (settings == null) {
+            logger.log(Level.INFO, "AppSettings not set, creating default settings.");
+            setSettings(new AppSettings(true));
+            loadSettings = true;
+        }
+
+        // show settings dialog
+        if (showSettings) {
+            if (!JmeSystem.showSettingsDialog(settings, loadSettings)) {
+                return;
+            }
+        }
+        //re-setting settings they can have been merged from the registry.
+        setSettings(settings);
+        super.start();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the current speed multiplier of the application.
+     * This value affects how quickly the game world updates relative to real time.
+     * A value of 1.0f means normal speed, 0.5f means half speed, 2.0f means double speed.
+     *
+     * @return The current speed of the application.
+     */
+    public float getSpeed() {
+        return speed;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Changes the application's speed multiplier.
+     * A `speed` of 0.0f effectively pauses the application's update cycle.
+     *
+     * @param speed The desired speed multiplier. A value of 1.0f is normal speed.
+     * Must be non-negative.
+     */
+    public void setSpeed(float speed) {
+        this.speed = speed;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Retrieves the `FlyByCamera` instance associated with this application.
+     * This camera allows free-form navigation within the 3D scene.
+     *
+     * @return The `FlyByCamera` object, or `null` if `FlyCamAppState` is not attached
+     * or has not yet initialized the camera.
+     */
+    public FlyByCamera getFlyByCamera() {
+        return flyCam;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Retrieves the `Node` dedicated to 2D graphical user interface (GUI) elements.
+     * Objects attached to this node are rendered on top of the 3D scene,
+     * typically without perspective effects, suitable for HUDs and UI.
+     *
+     * @return The `Node` object representing the GUI root.
+     */
+    public Node getGuiNode() {
+        return guiNode;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Retrieves the root `Node` of the 3D scene graph.
+     * All main 3D spatial objects and models should be attached to this node
+     * to be part of the rendered scene.
+     *
+     * @return The `Node` object representing the 3D scene root.
+     */
+    public Node getRootNode() {
+        return rootNode;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Checks whether the settings dialog is configured to be shown at application startup.
+     *
+     * @return `true` if the settings dialog will be displayed, `false` otherwise.
+     */
+    public boolean isShowSettings() {
+        return showSettings;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Sets whether the jME3 settings dialog should be displayed before the application starts.
+     *
+     * @param showSettings `true` to show the settings dialog, `false` to suppress it.
+     */
+    public void setShowSettings(boolean showSettings) {
+        this.showSettings = showSettings;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     *  Creates the font that will be set to the guiFont field
+     *  and subsequently set as the font for the stats text.
+     *
+     * @return the loaded BitmapFont
+     */
+    protected BitmapFont loadGuiFont() {
+        return assetManager.loadFont("Interface/Fonts/Default.fnt");
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void initialize() {
+        super.initialize();
+
+        //noinspection AssertWithSideEffects
+        assert SceneGraphThreadWarden.setup(rootNode);
+        //noinspection AssertWithSideEffects
+        assert SceneGraphThreadWarden.setup(guiNode);
+
+        // Several things rely on having this
+        guiFont = loadGuiFont();
+
+        guiNode.setQueueBucket(Bucket.Gui);
+        guiNode.setCullHint(CullHint.Never);
+
+        viewPort.attachScene(rootNode);
+        guiViewPort.attachScene(guiNode);
+
+        if (inputManager != null) {
+            // Special handling for FlyCamAppState:
+            // Although FlyCamAppState manages the FlyByCamera, SimpleApplication
+            // historically initializes and configures a default FlyByCamera instance
+            // and sets its initial speed. This allows subclasses to directly access
+            // 'flyCam' early in simpleInitApp().
+
+            FlyCamAppState flyCamState = stateManager.getState(FlyCamAppState.class);
+            if (flyCamState != null) {
+                flyCam = new FlyByCamera(cam);
+                flyCam.setMoveSpeed(1f); // Set a default movement speed for the camera
+                flyCamState.setCamera(flyCam); // Link the FlyCamAppState to this camera instance
+            }
+
+            // Register the "Exit" input mapping for the Escape key, but only for Display contexts.
+            if (context.getType() == Type.Display) {
+                inputManager.addMapping(INPUT_MAPPING_EXIT, new KeyTrigger(KeyInput.KEY_ESCAPE));
+            }
+
+            // Register the "Hide Stats" input mapping for the F5 key, if StatsAppState is active.
+            StatsAppState statsState = stateManager.getState(StatsAppState.class);
+            if (statsState != null) {
+                inputManager.addMapping(INPUT_MAPPING_HIDE_STATS, new KeyTrigger(KeyInput.KEY_F5));
+                inputManager.addListener(actionListener, INPUT_MAPPING_HIDE_STATS);
+            }
+
+            // Attach the action listener to the "Exit" mapping.
+            inputManager.addListener(actionListener, INPUT_MAPPING_EXIT);
+        }
+
+        // Configure the StatsAppState if it exists.
+        StatsAppState statsState = stateManager.getState(StatsAppState.class);
+        if (statsState != null) {
+            statsState.setFont(guiFont);
+            fpsText = statsState.getFpsText();
+        }
+
+        // Call the user's application initialization code.
+        simpleInitApp();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void stop(boolean waitFor) {
+        //noinspection AssertWithSideEffects
+        assert SceneGraphThreadWarden.reset();
+        super.stop(waitFor);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void update() {
+        if (prof != null) {
+            prof.appStep(AppStep.BeginFrame);
+        }
+
+        // Executes AppTasks from the main thread
+        super.update();
+
+        // Skip updates if paused or speed is zero
+        if (speed == 0 || paused) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        float tpf = timer.getTimePerFrame() * speed;
+
+        // Update AppStates
+        if (prof != null) {
+            prof.appStep(AppStep.StateManagerUpdate);
+        }
+        stateManager.update(tpf);
+
+        // Call user's per-frame update method
+        simpleUpdate(tpf);
+
+        // Update scene graph nodes (logical and geometric states)
+        if (prof != null) {
+            prof.appStep(AppStep.SpatialUpdate);
+        }
+        rootNode.updateLogicalState(tpf);
+        guiNode.updateLogicalState(tpf);
+
+        rootNode.updateGeometricState();
+        guiNode.updateGeometricState();
+
+        // Render AppStates and the scene
+        if (prof != null) {
+            prof.appStep(AppStep.StateManagerRender);
+        }
+        stateManager.render(renderManager);
+
+        if (prof != null) {
+            prof.appStep(AppStep.RenderFrame);
+        }
+        renderManager.render(tpf, context.isRenderable());
+        // Call user's custom render method
+        simpleRender(renderManager);
+        stateManager.postRender();
+
+        if (prof != null) {
+            prof.appStep(AppStep.EndFrame);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Controls the visibility of the frames-per-second (FPS) display on the screen.
+     *
+     * @param show `true` to display the FPS, `false` to hide it.
+     */
+    public void setDisplayFps(boolean show) {
+        StatsAppState statsState = stateManager.getState(StatsAppState.class);
+        if (statsState != null) {
+            statsState.setDisplayFps(show);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Controls the visibility of the comprehensive statistics view on the screen.
+     * This view typically includes details about memory, triangles, and other performance metrics.
+     *
+     * @param show `true` to display the statistics view, `false` to hide it.
+     */
+    public void setDisplayStatView(boolean show) {
+        StatsAppState statsState = stateManager.getState(StatsAppState.class);
+        if (statsState != null) {
+            statsState.setDisplayStatView(show);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public abstract void simpleInitApp();
+
+    /**
+     * An optional method that can be overridden by subclasses for per-frame update logic.
+     * This method is called during the application's update loop, after AppStates are updated
+     * and before the scene graph's logical state is updated.
+     *
+     * @param tpf The time per frame (in seconds), adjusted by the application's speed.
+     */
+    public void simpleUpdate(float tpf) {
+        // Default empty implementation; subclasses can override
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * An optional method that can be overridden by subclasses for custom rendering logic.
+     * This method is called during the application's render loop, after the main scene
+     * has been rendered and before post-rendering for states.
+     * Useful for drawing overlays or specific rendering tasks outside the main scene graph.
+     *
+     * @param rm The `RenderManager` instance, which provides access to rendering functionalities.
+     */
+    public void simpleRender(RenderManager rm) {
+        // Default empty implementation; subclasses can override
+    }
+}